Sigmoidoscopy is the inspection of the lower part of the large intestine (colon) using a lighted viewing scope (sigmoidoscope). A doctor can also remove small growths and collect tissue samples (biopsy) through a sigmoidoscope.

Sigmoidoscopy is one test used to screen for colon polyps and cancer.

This test is done in a hospital or doctor's office. Preparation for the test includes emptying the bowels ahead of time using a laxative or enema.